Repository: UIHistories Project: Dedication - Ceramic Engineering - Journal Article [PAGE 6]

EXTRACTED TEXT FROM PAGE:

6

TUB JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING

CHEMIST

KY

N<

ticatious have called for a material of better quality, the tie mauds have been met. The tirst semblance in tills country to anything like Htandnrd specifications for Portland cement was a report of u committee of the American Society of Civil Knginccra, January 7 l 1885, which served for a few years; but it soon proved too indefinite for the growing needs of engineering as applied to concrete In 1S96. at the suggestion of Mr. Richard U Humphrey, a scries of editorials appeared in the Entinttn*t Record calling attention to the Inadequacy of the 1SS5 report of the •committee men Honed, and urging the appointment of a new committee to revise and amend the first committee's work. Following this, a resolution was presented at a meeting of the American Society of Civil Engineers held November 4. 1896, requesting the Board of Direction to report on the advisability of appointing a com mittee to report on the proper manipulation of the tests of cement. The Board reported at the annual meeting of the Society January =0. 1897. and after a vote by letter ballot, appointed in July of the same year a committee which may be considered as the first definite organization delegated to prepare comprehensive cement specifications. With the rapid development of concrete engineering, further changes in standard specifications have been necessary. Various

materials, but as the flcici.ee of concrete design developed, rapid rriouuitlon was given to concrete aa a distinctive building material It has many desirable qualities peculiarly h o v a . Proluibly nona is greater than its resistance) to fire, when properly manufactured ami used. It differs from all other structural materials in that it is not a finished product until some weeks after fabricated. Other building materials are either provided by nature ready for ue« or are made and finished In a plant in which rigid inspection of all processes is possible. The fact that concrete- is composed largely of inert materials called aggregates, which are bound together by Portland cement has led many to believe that as a building material the quality of concrete depends largely upon the Portland cement used in i u manufacture. In order that the engineer may be able to make a proper selection of materials, to proportion them properly, and to mix and place the concrete, it is necessary that the influence of each ingredient entering into it be fully understood. No other material used in building construction depends so much for i u value upon the widest possible knowledge obtainable as to toe influence of each step in the process of manufacture. So science has extended its researches in determining the value of concrete

FIRST FLOOR PLAM, CKKAMIC BKOINURIMO BUILDING UNIVUKSITV or ILLINOIS

committees of different societies have worked both independently and jointly m perfecting cement specifications. But so manv rntt e H»i° r H d i f r C T t , b 0 d i C S b r o U g h t f o r t h * " * * specifications that little short of chaos has existed until within the past year when various societies and interests united in efforts to evolve" one specification that would serve all interests best. These are the specifications of the American Society for Testing Materials which will become effective on the ret of J a n u a r y . ^ H\I anend to be desired-one that has long been sought not only by cement manufacturers but by many recognized leaden in engi ncenng lines " coNcauTi: The industries dependent on Portland cement to-day

aggregates The studies which have been made alee ie*e lines would form many printed volumes. Only within c irattvely recent times has it been proved that the aggreg dcterminc in a far greater degree than most people kno hat qualities the resulting concrete will possess Tn making aggregate determinations, many labo fees. indmduels and scientific bodies have been leaders. l U My It would be impossible to refer to any one of these without ^ ^ " l c r i " l s * « * ^ Laboratory, located in Uwis instmite. Ch.cago, perhaps stands foremost, at least in the diversity of IU research. The studies on cvment. for instancT which have beatt made during the past year or tuore u* the labor* ton- mentioned, have been responsible for disclosures that sueKCKted important modifications i n the Standard Spc^fienticjw orIorth l r T , W , t T h e M»«a»lt determinations that have hern mule and are now being made at this laboratory will it , l K , | ' c v e d t ^ t u a l l y disclose how little In a relative sense has been known in the past, both of cement and * * * * * n ^ L . ^ !

are

™ " „ A? ' " m " c r f o r , h e «•**«» P"*uct known a, co„ c * U Portland^cement has no equal. The ,«*. for concrete are T * 1\ ? m p l o y c d m «* construction of roads ttreet, £ ^ , « « - - * • * »*'«-• tunnel,. o f f i S

pipe]

otaes by tl Wl mse

•uch u block and bnck, Hewers-boll, monolithic and pipe and Uto used in drainage, and for many scores j - ^ a c t i c a l l y all that have heretofore been satlsfi qer building materials and many that have not 1 tret won popularity, It was often abused I looked is a substituU for some of the older structu

1838-iartt A book written in i86j. entitled "Practiced on Limes, Hydraulic Cements and Mortars," B w I

«7r7J?" ; ^' * *•««** **** Aiuiv";h.\";; H S S - ? *^"j™*m»* « New York during the vjs

tiSZ l :

cm IicSt , l u d c n u ; «* * • mwtivs A CU,H

of concrete was