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Caption: Convocation - 1942 Winter-Spring
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li h ,n • th w should win this wa < li ,, u ,„,„, , shown, nol b\ utwnl bul in a praci ,1 demonstral thai th< : ! ""'•' " I for vict. ,n |„ ittainecl without '•'I •> methods, that total wai and nothi > I u .ll » m< ,lu ,u d a n ; ' ' P ' I ""i I" totalitai in wai Hiere is a S| i» ili. p| sit. tu oi v u | war |„, n tl 'Xi.u n in which the si m • ythinj. ,,„ sta nothii utside the at< >mes near makii . use hi dn wai tlm-.it ol it, a man ma) reasonably be asked to :: II n. as the totalitarian would make him bul a citizen ill. Mil rdinating his other interests, in th< face of the imm liate dangt to the defense f his country. Hence there were .1 dot itists wh were telling us. just ,i few months ago, thai a • nil.I n..t defend itself withoul being transformed into the I ss t the thin- it opposed, and thai in a war for the defense of .. freedom itself would be the first casualty. We knew then th tl ) need net In- right there was the example of Britain t > prove < ii ami wo are determined now thai they shall not be righl as prophets - \\ behavior. But since there has been much loose thinking and loose talk on this subject it is desirable to say plainly in vvhal way the concentrated effort of a democracy embarked on total wai liffers from a totalitarian state. It diftei first, in the extent to which unit) oi purpose and action ts t: m cooperation, not compulsion, from the willing sacrifice In men for an end they judge to he worth the cost oi securing it. man is asked I sacrifice his religion, or what he knows iov true, tin encies of family life, for the greater glory ni the nation and its I iders. He is asked not to sacrifice these hut to give Ins labor, Ins * if. l. a n d if need he his life. ii)V the sake i)i these, to the end that en may return, with security ami self respect, to the enjoyment thesi tnd other goods when the power that has wiped them oul m th. world has been eliminated, rhe difference, in theor) ami in . is nut a slight one. It differs, second, insofar as the agents in whose hands power has •„ pia, movable, even during the period of the war. legally by p eable means, whenever the qualified voters, working >ugh guaranteed legal channels, care to remove the.,,. I. is nol o r . •„ i whirl, am effective government musl possess, bul pohti dly irres. sil.l power which is a menace to freedom. So long as , u „ . remains ... the hands of those who.,, the voters have placed ... offi • and can he withdrawn a. their dec.sion, the state ts no. total, ,„.,„', in the sen e in which Germany, Japan, and Hah are so. And this differen is fundamental. . . . . . . .. , . , • ,. Thirdly ii differs in the end to which it .s directed, li is the es e ,„• totalitarianism thai it attempts to ti it the crisis condition of
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