Caption: War Publications - WWI Compilation 1923 - Article 49
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,V. 2. ECONOMIC Industrial EXPANSION OF G E R M A N Y : COLONIAL RIVALRIES 1. industrial resources: .•heap labor, a limited supply of i oal and iron nttdt a. Haw materials: cm ton. *ilk. uool. rubber, copper, precious metals mineral*, woods, etc. k Markets at home and abroad c Food supply: at maximum efficiency of agriculture Germany can provide food for 60,000.000: but Germany's industrial development has led to a decline in agricultures. 3. justnar grewth: tn-nendous di-v-lopme»it of manufacturing in Saxony and tlM Uiine country (note location of Essen); great activity in shipcommerce—almost wars. Economic policy: Bismarck 4. a. Protective tariff, 1S79: to stimulate manufacturing; to close German markets to foreigners. b. Concessions to foreign traders in order to secure concessions (markets) in return. c. State socialism to conserve labor: various forms of state insuranoe against unemployment, sickness, old age, etc; 1883-1889. d. Colonial expansion: to secure raw materials, markets, and homes for surplus population. Bismarck was at first opposed to this policy; accepted it about 1S83. 5. "The scramble for Africa," 1880-1890. a. France crosses the Sahara from Algiers and Tunis and takes possession of the greater part of Sudan. b. England works her way from the Cape northward nearly 2000 miles; occupies Egypt 1882; Cecil Rhodes plans Cape to Cairo Railway. c. The king of Belgium organizes a state in the Congo valley (1885); this has since become a Belgian dependency. d. Germany takes possession of Togoland, Kamerun, Southwest Africa (1884) and German East Africa (1885). African e. Outcome: Germany secured nearly 80 lies are located near the Equator and therefore not suitable for settlement bj Germans; the soil in Southwest Africa is not fertile. The plan: ex tensive possessions in the Tropics for exploitation; colonies In temper ate regions for settlement. German elsewhere. e. Rivalry with England, a. Commercial. (1) English merchants at a disadvantage in Germany because of high German tariff; English markets open to Germans; Enj irritated; parliament (1887) enacted that all German wares off for sale in the British Isles should be marked "made in Germa 11
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