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Caption: War Publications - WWI Compilation 1923 - Article 49
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IX i Conditions And problems. WAR. 1913*1914. and Bulgaria, had both bt»rn defeated. disturbed Turkey b. The f i l i n g between Austria and Serbia was approaching the breaking point: (1) Austria had twice blocked the plans of the Serbs: by the annexation of Hosnia, and by the creation of an Independent Albania. (2) Serbia had blocked Austrian olans of future annexations in the peninsula by extending her %mf itorles into Macedonia along the Vardar River. Serbian Austrian provinces to the northwest. > treaty of Bucharest Austria was planning (August, 1913): see War Cyclopedia under M Austria and Serbia, 1913. c. The ancient rivalry and hostile feeling between Austria and Russia Balkan Wars. strained (1) Germany had backed Austria in her Balkan ventures in 1908 (Bosnia) and 1913 (Albania); Russia was displeased. (2) German officers headed by General Liman von Sanders were sent to Constantinople (1913) to reorganize the Turkish army; Russia protested against the appointment of von Sanders. (3) The Germans feared that Russia would soon proceed against Turkey and that her own plans for operations in Asiatic Turkey might be upset. 1 and Germany disposed to ac sixteen; rivalry passing. (2) Sir Edward Grey and Prince Lichnowsky were negotiating an understanding with respect to the Bagdad Railway and German operations in the Portuguese possessions in Africa, f. A strong peace movement was active in America and parts of Europe. • 4 2. • Germany prepares for war. a. Constant and deliberate efforts made during the winter of 1913-1914 to stir up the war spirit in the German nation. b. Widening and deepening of the Kiel Canal being rushed to completion (it was finished July 1, 1914). c. By the military law of 1913 the German army was increased from 723,000 to 870,000 men. d. Plotting and intriguing going forward in the British possessions, particularly in South Africa and India. e. Industrial mobilization ordered early in June, 1914 (Sisson Documents). t. Unusual military manoeuvres ordered for August, 1914, In the Rhine lands; see Collected Materials, 35. 21
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