UIHistories Project: A History of the University of Illinois by Kalev Leetaru
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Repository: UIHistories Project: Board of Trustees Minutes - 1882 [PAGE 141]

Caption: Board of Trustees Minutes - 1882
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135

On the stems and leaf-sheaths of maize injured by the bugs a Micrococcus, supposed to be the same, was found imbedded in firm zoogloea masses. The form of the organism approaches the -typical shape of Bacterium, being between oval and short cylindrical, with rounded ends; otherwise the characteristics are those of a, true Micrococcus.'] CM. of f o w l c h o l e r a . While all who have carefully studied this disease agree that the contagious element -consists of minute globular granules, capable of self-multiplication, it appears that no one has either named the organism or given a scientific description of it. Toussaint <Compt. Rend, xci (1880) p. 301) supposed he had sufficient proof of the identity of this disease of the domestic fowl and septicaemia, or blood-poisoning, and that in both cases the living organism believed to be the active agent,' is the same. But Pasteur (1. c. p. 457) pronounces them similar in appearance but quite distinct in effect. Salmon (Report Dpt. Agriculture (U. S.) 1880, p. 401) confirms the infectious nature of the disease, and the virulence of the multiplying granules, but is inclined to attribute their origin to the transformations of the animal protoplasm (p. 439.) There can scarcely be a doubt but that the so-called granules constitute a true species of the present genus. It may be called Micrococcus gallicidus.] DOUBTFUL SPECIES. M . g r i s e u s , Winter. Synonym: Bacterium griseum, Warming.

Cells nearly globular or oval, colorless; .00010, to 00016 in. long, with those dividing .00024 to .00028 in. long, .000072 to .00010 inches wide. In infusions of fresh and salt water.

Since according to Warming this form appears only in the motionless state, (and then forms no zoogloea) and since the shape of its cells corresponds better to the genus Micrococcus than to Bacterium, I have placed the fungus in the former genus. M . ov a t u s , Winter. Synonyms: Panhistophyton ovatum, Lebert. (Ueber die gegenwartig herrschende Xrankheit des Insect der Seide in; Jahresbericht ueber die Wirksamkeit des Vereins zur Beforderung des Seidenbaues fur die Provinz Brandenburg im Jahre 1856-57, p. 28 und folgde.) Nosema bombycis, Naesreli. (Botan. Zeitg. 1857. p. 760; Flora 1857, p. 684.

Cells oval, twice as long as .0002 in. seldom 00024 in. .00010 in.) thick, isolated in In various organs of the forms.

wide, rounded at long, .00008 to pairs or united silk-worms, their

the ends; .00016 to .00012 in. (mostly in little masses. pupae, and winged

It is questionable whether the described cells belong to the Schizomycetes. They were first discovered by Cornalia in Mailand and designated corpuscles; according to him they are also found, though very scarce and more incidentally, in the blood of healthy caterpillars. Later these small bodies have been recognized as the cause of the epidemic disease of the silk-worm known as "gattine." As the cells in shape and want of motion agree very well with Micrococcus, I have introduced them here. [The eight following, by Hallier, are given without much confidence in the correctness of his observations and interpretations. These are taken from Magnin's "Bacteria."] M . of a n i m a l v a r i o l a , Hallier. Small, endowed with lively movement, furnished with a very delicate appendage, sometimes united in the form of little elongated rods; found in spontaneous or inoculated pustules, in the lymphatic canals and the ganglia of animals attacked with variola. M . o f r u g e o l a , Hallier. Very small, without color, often with a caudal prolongment; in the sputa and blood of the sick.